PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Weiss, Carol
TI  - The Four "I's" of School Reform: How Interests, Ideology, Information, and Institution Affect Teachers and Principals
AID  - 10.17763/haer.65.4.05530845t676w50h
DP  - 1995 Dec 01
TA  - Harvard Educational Review
PG  - 571--593
VI  - 65
IP  - 4
4099  - http://harvardeducationalreview.org/content/65/4/571.short
4100  - http://harvardeducationalreview.org/content/65/4/571.full
SO  - herp1995 Dec 01; 65
AB  - A popular strategy of school reform over the past two decades has involved shifting decisionmaking authority from one level to another: from the district to the state to the school. This venue-changing approach assumes that actors working within a different forum will make different and better decisions about schooling that will ultimately lead to improved teaching and learning. In this article, Carol Weiss zeroes in on shared decisionmaking (SDM), one such reform initiative. Using what she refers to as the "4-I" analysis, Weiss explains how interests, ideology, information, and the institution affect teacher and principal responses to shared decisionmaking, and discusses their unsettling implications for school reform.