Abstract
This issue consists of the papers and responses from the conference "Rethinking the Federal Role in Education, " sponsored by the Harvard Educational Review and held at the Harvard Graduate School of Education on April 25-27, 1982. Although the Review periodically devotes an issue to a special theme, it rarely convenes a conference. In the spring of 1981 the Editorial Board thought that the time was opportune for reappraising the federal role in education. The Reagan administration seemed determined to challenge the fifteen years of federal activism that began with President Lyndon Johnson's"Great Society," and in particular the Elementary and Secondary Education Act(ESEA) of 1965. We perceived the need for two kinds of analysis: an assessment of what had been learned about the capacity of the federal government to intervene effectively in education; and an inquiry into the appropriateness of past federal initiatives in light of emerging demands for a strengthened state and local role.





